100 IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR IAS PRELIMS

100 Important Topics for Prelims – IAS 2025

• Constitutional Development – Regulating Act 1773,Pitts India Act 1784,Charter Act 1813, Charter Act 1833,GoI Act 1858, Indian Councils Act 1861,1892 and 1909,GoI Act 1919 and 1935.
• Fundamental Rights, DPSPs and Fundamental Duties
• Constitutional Posts – President, Vice President, Council of Ministers, Governors, CM etc
• Important Constitutional Amendments
• Supreme Court, High Court and Subordinate Courts
• Parliament and State Legislature
• Local Government : PRIs and ULBs
• Administration of Schedule and Tribal Areas
• Constitutional Bodies: UPSC, EC, CAG, Attorney General, Finance Commission, NCSC, NCST
• Non-Constitutional Bodies: NHRC, CVC, CIC, Planning Commission, NDC
• Important Articles of the Constitution
• Subjects of Union, State and Concurrent List
• Governal Generals and Viceroys- Significant Events during their rule
• Important newspapers and Books during the Freedom Struggle
• Revolt of 1857 – Causes,Centres of Revolt,Important Leaders,Suppression of the Revolt
• Important Socio-Religious Reform Movements : Personalities,Organisations and their Agenda
• Indian National Congress : Events Preceding Formation of INC,Important Sessions and Leaders of INC
• Important Movements Against British Rule : Swadeshi,Rowlatt Satyagraha,Kheda,Chamaparan, Ahmedabad Mills Strike, Non-Cooperation,Civil Disobedience,Individual Satyagraha,Anti-Simon Commission Protests,Quit India Movement etc
• Revolutionary Terrorism: Important Organisations and Leaders Economic Impact of British Rule of Agriculture,Industries etc
•  Tribal and Civil Uprisings against British : Causes,Organisations and Leaders Important Personalities of Indian Freedom Struggle
• Indus Valley Civilisation and Mauryan Empire
• Religions of India :Buddhism,Jainism,Hinduism,Sikhism,Islam,Christianity,Zoraristian etc
• Architecture and Sculpture : Cave Architecture,Temple Architecture – Dravida,Nagara and Vesara,Indo-Islamic Architecture,Colonial Architecture
• Important Dance Forms of India : Tandava,Lasya,Nritta,Nritya,Mudras,Classical dances-Bharatnatyam,Odissi,kuchipudi,kathakali, Mohiniattam,kathak,Manipuri,Sattria etc and Important Folk dances such as Garba,Tamasha,Ghumar,Rasleela etc
• Music: Swara,Raga,Tala,Alap,Forms of Music- Classical (Hindustani and Carnatic styles), Folk and Sugam Sangeet
• Paintings : Mural Paintings,Miniature Paintings,Mughal Paintings,Rajput school of paintings, Madhubani paintings,Manjusha Paintings,Modern paintings etc
• Indian Philosophy : Samkhya,Nyaya,Vaisheshika,Yoga,Mimansa,Vedanta,Charvaka, Buddhist and Jainism etc
• Puppetry : String, Rod,Glove and shadow Puppetry
• Important Theatre Forms of India : Bhand pather,Mudiyettu,Theyyam,Yakshagana, Dashavatar,Bhavai etc
• Indian Literature : Sangam Literature,Sanskrit Literature etc
• Musical Instruments :Drums,Wind Instruments,Stringed Instruments
• Measurement of Economy : GDP,GNP, Per Capita Income,GDP at Market Prices and at Factor Cost,GDP deflator,Base year Concept
• Inflation : Causes,Important terms such as Disinflation,Deflation,Stagflation,Steps taken to reduce Inflation,Inflation linked Bonds
• Taxation System in India : Direct and Indirect Taxes, Important Taxes such as Corporate Tax, Capital Gains Tax,Octroi Duty,Fringe Benefits Tax,Minimum Alternate Tax etc,DTAA and Tax Information Exchange Agreement,Tax Havens,Transfer Pricing,Advanced Pricing Agreement and Arms Length Principle,Direct Tax Code,GST,General Anti-Avoidance Rules(GAAR)
• Monetary Policy : RBI,Tools- SLR,CRR,Bank Rate,LAF etc,Banking Structure in India,NPAs, Financial Inclusion,Universal Banking,White label ATMs,Differentiated Banks,NBFCs etc
• Fiscal Policy : Stages in the Passage of Budget,Different Deficits such as Revenue Deficit, Effective Revenue Deficit,FD and PD, Deficit Financing etc
• Capital and Money Markets
• Balance of payments: Current Account and Capital Account,Current Account deficit,Rupee Convertibility,Currency Appreciation,Depreciation and Devaluation,Forex Reserves, External Debt.
• Important Indices : HDI,GDI,GII,GHI etc
• International Trade
• Agriculture, Industry and Service Sector in India
• Poverty and Unemployment in India
• Energy,Infrastructure and Communication
• Sustainable Development and Climate Change
• Economic Survey and Union Budget
• Human Development : Government schemes and Programmes for the welfare of SCs,STs,Women,Children,Senior Citizens, Disabled and for the development of Health, Education,Skills etc
• WTO – Agreement on Agriculture,TRIPS,GATS,TBT,Sanitary and Phyto Sanitary Measures etc
• International Financial Institutions- World Bank,IMF,BRICS Development Bank
• Free Trade Agreements and Regional Trading Blocks
• Defence Research and Technology : Trishul,Agni,Prithvi,Akash,Shourya,Nag,Pinaka,Brahmos, Dhanush,AWACS,UAVs- Lakshya,Nishant, Rustom and Netra,Nuclear Submarines,Aircraft Carriers,LCA Tejas,ALH Dhruv etc.Recent Developments in the defence Industry.
• Space Technology :Indian Space Shuttle Program -Orbital Vehicle,AVATAR,RLV-TD.Launch vehicle technology- PSLV and GSLV.Cryogenic engine,Indian regional navigation satellite system(IRNSS),
• Genetics and Biotechnology :Genetic Engineering, DNA Fingerprinting, Cloning, Artificial Insemination, Stem Cells Technology,Genetic Mapping, Genetically Modified Organisms, Artificial Blood, Biofertiliser, Biometrics, Biomimicry, Bionic Eye, Bioremediation, Biosimilars, Biosparging, Blue Brain Project, Brain Mapping, Human genome Project, Junk DNA, Narcoanalysis, Polygraph test, Probiotics, DNA Barcode. Concerns related to genetic engineering. Recent Advances in the Field of Biotechnology.
• Nanotechnology: Approaches, Applications, Concerns related to use of Nanotechnology
• Information and Communication Technology : 2G/3G/4G Networks, Akash tablet, Bhuvan, Bluejacking, Bluesnarfing, Bluetooth, Community radio, Cyber Security,IPv4 and IPv6,TCP/IP, Distributed Denial of Service Attack, Long Term Evolution(LTE),Mobile Virtual Network Operator, Telemedicine, Voice over Internet Protocol(VoIP),National E-Governance Plan, Fibre Optics Technology etc. Recent Advances in the field of IT.
• Health and Medicine : Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases, Genetic and Vitamin Deficiency
• Solar System- Evolution of earth, Planets, Asteroids, Meteors, Comets, Black Holes ..
• Atmosphere – Structure and Composition, Temperature, Humidity and Precipitation, Atmospheric Circulation, Anti-Trade winds and Jet Streams, Cyclones and Anti-Cyclones, Different Climate
• Oceanography: Reliefs of the Ocean, Ocean Currents ,Tides, Salinity, Coral Reefs, El-Nino and La Nina, Southern Oscillation, Indian Dipole, Marine Resources
• Physical Geography :Structure of Earth’s Interior, Plate Tectonic Theory, Earth’s Movements-Folds, Faults, Rift valleys and Graben, Rocks-Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic, Vulcanism, Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Fluvial, Aeolian and Coastal Landforms.
• Physiography of India – Himalayas, North Indian Plains, Plateaus, Coastal Plains and
• Indian Drainage System- Himalayan and Peninsular river
• Indian Climate- Monsoon Winds, Seasons of India ..
• Soils of India
• Indian Vegetation and Wildlife
• Major Crops of India
• Major Mineral Resources of India
• Energy Resources of India
• Salient Features of Census 2011/ Data available as on 2024/25
• Global Warming and Climate Change-Rio Earth Summit, UNFCC, Kyoto Protocol, Durban Summit ,Bali Action Plan, Climate Change Talks, Clean Development mechanism, Joint Implementation, Carbon Trading, REDD plus, Loss and Damage
• Important Conventions: Stockholm, Basel, Bonn, Vienna, CBD, Rotterdam, Ramsar, CITES, Montreal Protocol, Cartegena Protocol
• Biodiversity in India : Biosphere reserves, National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries,
• Environmental Crisis – Depletion of Ozone Layer, Water and Air Pollution, Acid Rain, Deforestation, Degradation of Land, Waste Management.
• Important Topics from India Year Book 2024/25
• Human Development Chapter from the Economic Survey 2024/25
• GAGAN Technology, Indian Geostationary Satellite Services, Remote Sensing Indian recent satellite launches and future projects such as Chandrayaan 2 and others
• Delhi Sultanate and Mughals chronology
• Map practice of Major Industries, national Parks, Rivers, Ocean currents etc
• Major committees formed by GOI recently
• Major social sector policies formed by different state/central like mid day meal Scheme.
• Chronology of Indian Prime Ministers and presidents with the period of their
• Gov General and Viceroys chronology and their major Achievement
• Achievement of India in Commonwealth Games, Olympics, paraolympics, medals , inclusion of new games in the above events.
• Major law passed by parliament recently and their details and other act in the news recently like Bharathiya Nigaraik suraksha & etc
• Nuclear Reactor and installation in India, total output etc
• Nuclear Tripartite
• Nuclear Command Authority NCA
• Major Hormones and their Functions in Human Body
• Tiger Reserves, Elephant Reserves, Community Reserves, Mangroves and Coral reefs in India, List of Critically Endangered Species in India
• North eastern states and their cultural festivals, population, language, capital cities
• Major Defense exercise done by Indian defense forces with other countries and their code name
• Latest Election, Major success and defeat by candidates, Changes/Rules by Election commission, end results of Major parties.
• Rules for national and State
• Latest social scheme by Union govt / some state govt
• Cardiac cycle , Blood, Digestive system
• Electricity scenario or related bills
• Complete info on Solar energy or Solar Mission
• Major Union govt Institution like NIMHANS
• Pravasi bharathiya diwas, awards, NRI, PIO etc
• Latest Prizes like Nobel, Awards like Oscar

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